Practical Guide to International Standardization for Electrical Engineers

Practical Guide to International Standardization for Electrical Engineering provides a comprehensive guide to the purpose of standards organizations, their relationship to product development and how to use the standardization process for cost-effective new product launch. It covers major standardization organizations in the field of Electrical Engineering offering a general overview of the varying structures of national standardization organizations, their goals and targets.

Key questions for standardization are answered giving the reader guidance on how to use national and international standards in the electrical business. When shall the company start to enter standardization? How to evaluate the standardization in relationship to the market success? What are the interactions of innovations and market access? What is the cost of standardization? What are the gains for our experts in standardization?

Key features:

• Provides guidance on how to use national and international standards in the electrical business.
• Global active standardization bodies featured include IEEE, IEC and CIGRE as well as regional organizations like CENELEC for Europe, SAC for China, DKE for Germany, and ANSI for USA.
• Case studies demonstrate how standardization affects the business and how it may block or open markets.
• Explains the multiple connections and influences between the different standardization organizations on international, regional or national levels and regulatory impact to the standardization processes.
• Two detailed focused case studies, one on Smart Grid and one on Electro-Mobility, show the influence and the work of international standardization. The case studies explain how innovative technical developments are promoted by standards and what are the roles of standardization organizations are.

A valuable reference for electrical engineers, designers, developers, test engineers, sales engineers, marketing engineers and users of electrical equipment as well as authorities and business planners to use and work with standards.

Hermann Koch, Siemens AG, Germany
Hermann Koch currently works in the field of high voltage switchgear and high voltage transmission lines with Siemens in Germany. He became Principal Expert after overseeing the installation of the first second generation GIL (gas insulated transmission lines) in Geneva, Switzerland in 2001. He is IEEE Fellow and Chairman of IEEE PES Substations Committee Working Group of the Gas-insulated Substations (GIS) book. In IEC he is Secretary of SC 17C High Voltage Switchgear Assemblies. In CIGRE he is member of the Strategic Advisory Group of SC B3 Substations. He has published 150 technical papers and holds 31 patents in the field of gas insulated technology.

Foreword

Mark Waldron xi

Bernhard Thies xiii

Markus Reigl xv

Damir Novosel xvii

Preface xix

Acknowledgements xxi

Abbreviations xxiii

Glossaryxxxi

1 Why Standards? 1

1.1 General Introduction 1

1.2 War on Standards 2

1.3 Main Players 3

1.3.1 Europe 3

1.3.2 America 5

1.3.3 Asia and Oceania 22

1.3.4 Africa 27

1.4 The Public View of Standardization 27

1.5 Right Timing 29

1.5.1 General 29

1.5.2 Innovation Process 29

1.5.3 Market Access 30

1.5.4 Regulatory Processes 31

1.6 Benefits of Standards 31

2  Framework for Standards  37

2.1    General    37

2.2  World Trade Organization  37

2.2.1    General 37

2.2.2  United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN ECE)  38

2.2.3  United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UN ECA)  39

2.2.4  United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America   and the Caribbean (UN ECLAC)  40

2.2.5  United Nation Economic and Social Commission for   Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP)  41

2.3  European Union  42

2.3.1    General 42

2.3.2  European Commission  44

2.4    Regional 45

2.4.1  United States  45

2.4.2    China 47

2.4.3    Europe 50

3  Standardization Processes  53

3.1    General 53

3.2    Principles 53

3.3  Legal Relevance  57

3.4  Benefits of Standardization  57

4  Development of Standards  59

4.1    General 59

4.1.1  Basic Process  59

4.1.2    Organizations 61

4.2  International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)  62

4.2.1    General 62

4.2.2  Mission and Objectives  62

4.2.3    Organization 63

4.2.4    Members 70

4.2.5  Types of Documents  73

4.2.6  Dresden Agreement  75

4.2.7  Steps in Standards  77

4.3  International Organization for Standardization (ISO)  79

4.3.1    General 79

4.3.2  ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee (JTC 1)  81

4.3.3  ISO Strategy  81

4.4  International Telecommunication Union (ITU)  83

4.4.1    General 83

4.4.2    Organization 83

4.5    CENELEC 84

4.5.1    General 84

4.5.2    Goals    85

4.5.3    Organization 86